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266 lines
9.1 KiB
Markdown
266 lines
9.1 KiB
Markdown
# aquatic: high-performance open BitTorrent tracker
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[](https://github.com/greatest-ape/aquatic/actions/workflows/cargo-build-and-test.yml) [](https://github.com/greatest-ape/aquatic/actions/workflows/test-transfer.yml)
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High-performance open BitTorrent tracker, consisting
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of sub-implementations for different protocols:
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[BitTorrent over UDP]: https://libtorrent.org/udp_tracker_protocol.html
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[BitTorrent over HTTP]: https://wiki.theory.org/index.php/BitTorrentSpecification#Tracker_HTTP.2FHTTPS_Protocol
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[WebTorrent]: https://github.com/webtorrent
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[rustls]: https://github.com/rustls/rustls
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[native-tls]: https://github.com/sfackler/rust-native-tls
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[mio]: https://github.com/tokio-rs/mio
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[glommio]: https://github.com/DataDog/glommio
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| Name | Protocol | OS requirements |
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|--------------|--------------------------------------------|------------------------------|
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| aquatic_udp | [BitTorrent over UDP] | Unix-like (using [mio]) |
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| aquatic_http | [BitTorrent over HTTP] with TLS ([rustls]) | Linux 5.8+ (using [glommio]) |
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| aquatic_ws | [WebTorrent] over TLS ([rustls]) | Linux 5.8+ (using [glommio]) |
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Features at a glance:
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- Multithreaded design for handling large amounts of traffic
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- All data is stored in-memory (no database needed)
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- IPv4 and IPv6 support, with separate swarms
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- Supports forbidding/allowing info hashes
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- Built-in TLS support (no reverse proxy needed)
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- Automated CI testing of full file transfers
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Known users:
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- [explodie.org public tracker](https://explodie.org/opentracker.html) (`udp://explodie.org:6969`), typically [serving ~80,000 requests per second](https://explodie.org/tracker-stats.html)
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## Usage
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### Compiling
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- Install Rust with [rustup](https://rustup.rs/) (latest stable release is recommended)
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- Install cmake with your package manager (e.g., `apt-get install cmake`)
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- Clone this git repository and enter the directory
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- Build the implementations that you are interested in:
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```sh
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# Tell Rust to enable support for all CPU extensions present on current CPU
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# except for those relating to AVX-512. This is necessary for aquatic_ws and
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# recommended for the other implementations.
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. ./scripts/env-native-cpu-without-avx-512
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cargo build --release -p aquatic_udp
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cargo build --release -p aquatic_http
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cargo build --release -p aquatic_ws
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```
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### Configuring
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Generate configuration files. They come with comments and differ between protocols.
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```sh
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./target/release/aquatic_udp -p > "aquatic-udp-config.toml"
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./target/release/aquatic_http -p > "aquatic-http-config.toml"
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./target/release/aquatic_ws -p > "aquatic-ws-config.toml"
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```
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Make adjustments to the files. You will likely want to adjust `address`
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(listening address) under the `network` section.
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Note that both `aquatic_http` and `aquatic_ws` require configuring certificate
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and private key files to run over TLS (which is optional for `aquatic_ws`).
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More details are available in the respective configuration files.
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#### Workers
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To increase performance, number of worker threads can be increased. The sum of
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`socket_workers` and `swarm_workers` should equal the total number of CPU cores
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that you want to use. Recommended proportions:
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td></td>
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<th colspan="4">aquatic_udp</th>
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<th colspan="3">aquatic_ws</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th scope="row">CPU cores</th>
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<td>2-5</td>
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<td>6-9</td>
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<td>10-15</td>
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<td>>=16</td>
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<td>2-11</td>
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<td>12-19</td>
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<td>>=20</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th scope="row">Swarm workers</th>
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<td>1</td>
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<td>2</td>
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<td>3</td>
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<td>4</td>
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<td>1</td>
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<td>2</td>
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<td>3</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th scope="row">Socket workers</th>
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<td>1-4</td>
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<td>4-7</td>
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<td>7-12</td>
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<td>>=12</td>
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<td>1-10</td>
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<td>10-17</td>
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<td>>=17</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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#### Access control
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Access control by info hash is supported for all protocols. The relevant part
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of configuration is:
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```toml
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[access_list]
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# Access list mode. Available modes are allow, deny and off.
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mode = "off"
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# Path to access list file consisting of newline-separated hex-encoded info hashes.
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path = ""
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```
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The file is read on start and when the program receives `SIGUSR1`. If initial
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parsing fails, the program exits. Later failures result in in emitting of
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an error-level log message, while successful updates of the access list result
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in emitting of an info-level log message.
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### Running
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If you're running `aquatic_http` or `aquatic_ws`, please make sure locked memory
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limits are sufficient:
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- If you're using a systemd service file, add `LimitMEMLOCK=65536000` to it
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- Otherwise, add the following lines to
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`/etc/security/limits.conf`, and then log out and back in:
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```
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* hard memlock 65536
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* soft memlock 65536
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```
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Once done, start the application:
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```sh
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./target/release/aquatic_udp -c "aquatic-udp-config.toml"
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./target/release/aquatic_http -c "aquatic-http-config.toml"
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./target/release/aquatic_ws -c "aquatic-ws-config.toml"
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```
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If your server is pointed to by domain `example.com` and you configured the
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tracker to run on port 3000, people can now use it by adding its URL to their
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torrent files or magnet links:
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| Implementation | Announce URL |
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|----------------|-------------------------------------|
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| aquatic_udp | `udp://example.com:3000` |
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| aquatic_http | `https://example.com:3000/announce` |
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| aquatic_ws | `wss://example.com:3000` |
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## Details on implementations
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### aquatic_udp: UDP BitTorrent tracker
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[BEP 015]: https://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0015.html
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Implements:
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* [BEP 015]: UDP BitTorrent tracker protocol ([more details](https://libtorrent.org/udp_tracker_protocol.html)). Exceptions:
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* Doesn't care about IP addresses sent in announce requests. The packet
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source IP is always used.
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* Doesn't track the number of torrent downloads (0 is always sent).
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This is the most mature of the implementations. I consider it ready for production use.
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#### Performance
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More details are available [here](./documents/aquatic-udp-load-test-2021-11-28.pdf). Please note that request workers have been renamed to swarm workers.
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#### Optimisation attempts that didn't work out
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* Using glommio
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* Using io-uring
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* Using zerocopy + vectored sends for responses
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* Using sendmmsg
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### aquatic_http: HTTP BitTorrent tracker
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[BEP 003]: https://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0003.html
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[BEP 007]: https://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0007.html
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[BEP 023]: https://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0023.html
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[BEP 048]: https://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0048.html
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Implements:
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* [BEP 003]: HTTP BitTorrent protocol ([more details](https://wiki.theory.org/index.php/BitTorrentSpecification#Tracker_HTTP.2FHTTPS_Protocol)). Exceptions:
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* Only runs over TLS
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* Doesn't track the number of torrent downloads (0 is always sent)
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* Only compact responses are supported
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* [BEP 023]: Compact HTTP responses
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* [BEP 007]: IPv6 support
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* [BEP 048]: HTTP scrape support. Notes:
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* Doesn't allow full scrapes, i.e. of all registered info hashes
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`aquatic_http` has not been tested as much as `aquatic_udp` but likely works
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fine.
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#### Performance
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More details are available [here](./documents/aquatic-http-load-test-2022-04-11.pdf). Please note that request workers have been renamed to swarm workers.
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### aquatic_ws: WebTorrent tracker
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Aims for compatibility with [WebTorrent](https://github.com/webtorrent)
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clients. Notes:
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* Only runs over TLS
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* Doesn't track the number of torrent downloads (0 is always sent).
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* Doesn't allow full scrapes, i.e. of all registered info hashes
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`aquatic_ws` has not been tested as much as `aquatic_udp` but likely works
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fine.
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#### Performance
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More details are available [here](./documents/aquatic-ws-load-test-2022-03-29.pdf). Please note that request workers have been renamed to swarm workers.
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## Load testing
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There are load test binaries for all protocols. They use a CLI structure
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similar to the trackers and support generation and loading of configuration
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files.
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To run, first start the tracker that you want to test. Then run the
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corresponding load test binary:
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```sh
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./scripts/run-load-test-udp.sh
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./scripts/run-load-test-http.sh
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./scripts/run-load-test-ws.sh
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```
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To fairly compare HTTP performance to opentracker, set `keep_alive` to false in
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`aquatic_http` settings.
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## Architectural overview
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## Copyright and license
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Copyright (c) 2020-2022 Joakim Frostegård
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Distributed under Apache 2.0 license (details in `LICENSE` file.)
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## Trivia
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The tracker is called aquatic because it thrives under a torrent of bits ;-)
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